22、400多次的热功当量实验——焦耳 英国物理学家

James Joule， a British physicist， conducted over 400 experiments to establish the relationship between work and heat， revealing the concept of thermal equivalent and proving that heat is a form of energy. His work on the heat功当量 laid the foundation for the energy conservation and conversion principle， leading to the naming of the Joule as a unit of work and the Joule-Thomson effect.