不充电也能续航百年太空中的核电池是何原理，为何不能民用

The invention of a nuclear battery that can last for centuries without charging has been developed by scientists and applied in space missions. Unlike complex nuclear power plants, these batteries use semiconductor materials and exploit the decay of isotopes like Plutonium-238 to generate heat through alpha particle emission. The heat is then converted into electricity via a temperature difference and a thermoelectric generator. This technology holds promise for long-term, self-sustaining power sources in extreme environments.